Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a cell cycle marker protein. It interacts with more than 100 proteins involved in DNA replication, DNA repair, cell cycle control, chromatin remodeling/epigenetic inheritance, chromatid cohesion and transcription. Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1) is a serine/threonine protein kinase which regulates diverse cell cycle transitions (G1/S, S and G2/M phases) and associates with different cell-cycle stage-specific cyclins. Bo...

Background: Parafibromin is an ubiquitously expressed protein and a member of the polymerase-associated factor 1 complex associated with RNA polymerase II, which regulates transcription elongation, histone modification and cell proliferation. It is encoded by the CDC73 gene also known as the HRPT2 gene. Endogenous parafibromin inhibits expression of MYC gene that encodes the c-Myc proto-oncogene. Parafibromin has three nuclear localization signals, a...

Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism is one of the most common endocrine disorders caused by adenoma (80%), hyperplasia (15%) and carcinoma (5%). It is often difficult to differentiate between hyperplasia from an adenoma of a parathyroid gland. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to assess apoptotic index as a potentially useful in diagnosis.Methods: Apoptotic cells was investigated in the parathyroid specimens of 21patients (4M, 17F, average age o...

Introduction: The molecular events involved in the formation of parathyroid adenomas are not well understood. Two genes, cyclin D1 (CCND1) and MEN-1, have been established as having major roles in parathyroid tumorigenesis. Tumor suppressor gene HRPT2 is frequently mutated in parathyroid carcinoma. The aim of our study was to analyze HRPT2 expression in parathyroid adenomas and in residual normal/atrophic parathyroid tissue and to relate it to other...

Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism is one of the most common endocrine disorders caused by adenoma (80%), hyperplasia (15%) and carcinoma (5%). It is often difficult to differentiate between hyperplasia from an adenoma of a parathyroid gland. Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR)-associated protein (TIRAP) is an adaptor protein for Toll-like receptors-2 and -4 (TLR2/4) which are engaged in transducing the signal to downstream molecules. Several studies have shown the increase...

Background: Even if a great number of studies have been developed recently, the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis of hyperplastic lesions of the parathyroid glands are not well understood. The link between systemic inflammation and promotion of neoplasm is well established. Chronic infection and inflammation are considered two of the most prominent epigenetic and environmental factors contributing to tumor formation. Toll like receptors (TLRs) are essential components of in...

Background: Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is a rare endocrine malignancy affecting 0.5–5% of all patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Due to the rarity of PC there is still lack of prognostic implications of the disease and clear consensus regarding management. Our purpose was to evaluate prognostic factors and treatment outcomes of patients treated at the Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology.Methods: The target group covered 44 ...